Micro-Inverter V String Inverter

Inverters are essential components of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. Their primary function is to convert the direct current (DC) generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC) that can be used for homes, businesses, or fed into the grid.

In addition, inverters perform vital functions such as system monitoring, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), and safety protection.

Inverters can be classified based on their connection structure into central inverters, string inverters, and micro-inverters. For residential or small commercial solar installations, choosing between a string inverter and a micro-inverter can be challenging. This article compares both types in terms of definition and application scenarios.

Definition

String Inverter

A string inverter connects multiple solar panels in series to form a “string” and uses a single inverter to convert the DC electricity into AC. It is suitable for large rooftops with uniform orientation and minimal shading.

Micro-Inverter

A micro-inverter is a compact inverter installed on the back of each individual solar panel. It converts DC to AC per panel, and all outputs are combined as AC before connecting to the grid.

This configuration allows each panel to operate independently, significantly increasing system efficiency — especially in cases with shading or complex roof designs.

Application Scenarios

String Inverter

String inverters are widely used in residential, commercial, and industrial-scale solar systems. Key application scenarios include:

1. Unshaded, large-area rooftops

Commercial buildings, factories, schools, logistics parks, supermarkets
Sufficient roof space with consistent orientation
Solar panels receive uniform sunlight

2. Ground-mounted solar farms or utility-scale projects

Centralized inverter layout
Standardized grid-connection setups

3. Budget-limited projects

Cost-sensitive investors
Basic system performance requirements

Micro-Inverter

Micro-inverters are better suited for complex roof structures and high-end residential applications. Key use cases include:

1. Roofs with partial shading

Each panel generates power independently
Shading on one panel does not affect the whole system

2. Multi-angled or non-uniform rooftop installations

Panels facing different directions
Micro-inverters support individual MPPT, optimizing output

3. Premium residential or hybrid solar + storage systems

High precision, detailed performance monitoring
Intelligent operation and better long-term yield

How to Choose

String inverters are ideal for standardized, cost-sensitive medium to large projects, offering high cost-performance but requiring consistent environmental conditions.

Micro-inverters are more suitable for users prioritizing efficiency, flexibility, and high-performance monitoring, especially on complex rooftops or in long-term investment scenarios.